Part I: Brahmacharya and its Concepts in Modern Youth
Part II: Changes in Heart Rate Variability Spectrum (Tread Mill) following an Integrated Yoga Training Program in Police Trainees
By
Devaraja

ABSTRACT
Part I: Brahmacharya and its Concepts in Modern Youth

Personality plays a vital role in one’s life. Especially in one’s interaction with the society in which the person is living. It refers to each and every individual in its unique way, depending on one’s inner personality. Inner personality is the source for the outer personality.  Inner personality is formed by way of formation of käraëa Çaréra, which contains all the väsanäs  of past birth or lives, called Saïcita  karmas.   Personality is always formed as vyakta , i.e., manifest   with the complete background of avyakta ie., unmanifest (20).

            It is always believed that our personality is combination of tämasik, räjasik and sättvik. Person always raised from tämasik  to räjasik  and then to sättvik then finally he goes beyond all these to reach guëätéita, which is explained  very well in Bhagavad Gétä , in different names like yogé, Bhakta, sthithaprajïa  and  jïäni (22). The concept of personality is discussed in various classical texts like Pataïjali yoga sütra, Bhagavad Gétä , upaniñats.

             Personality is very important to achieve anything in one’s life. Personality of a person is developed due to various factors like place of birth, environment, education, experience, understanding, perception.
            Maslow (1959) equates the state of psychological health and with actualizing process, which indicates the pattern of personality growth. The most exhaustive studies of Torrance (1962) identified 84 personality characteristics that have been demonstrated. The list of these personality characteristics enlisted by Maslow while describing a self actualized person.
             When the concept of personality in ancient and modern texts are compared they give similar view in their concepts, methodology and principles. Ancient text speaks about the overall personality of a person whereas modern texts speak about only the external, outer behaviors and attitudes which form the personality. This study highlights about the development of a person both in the outer as well as inner personality.

SUMMARY   AND CONCLUSIONS

Enquiry   into yourself i.e.,   your own personality.
When we go deeper into the inner layers of our personality. Waldo Emerson quipped: Every man is a divinity in disguise, a god playing the fool. When we do not penetrate deep into the core of  our personality  we remain spiritually dwarfed.
Therefore we must approach sanatana  dharma with our head and heart. Be free to think. Use reason to arrive at our own conclusion. But the unfortunate trend these days is to boost up in the image of a personality. And thoughtless people rely on their authority. Take matter as too much on trust. They depend on outside forces to do their thinking.

Every human being needs therefore to concentrate his efforts in investigating his own personality. Instead  of trying into the lives of others. we have no right to do so.  our business is our life. If others make mistakes they will have to pay for them. Let them settle their accounts with the Almighty.  we need to look within. Set our personality right, just we have to take care of ourself, the world will take care of itself.

our understating, behaviour and conduct with humans is alarmingly immature.  “Remember, the beauty of the summer is its heat. The beauty of the winter is its biting cold. The beauty of the monsoon is that it must pour and our. But the problem is that people want the summer to be cool. Winter to be warm. Monsoon to be dry”.

Shanakaracharya:  Nitya anitya viveka vichara which means reflecting  distinction between the Eternal and the ephemeral (27).
Our personality is in a constant flux of change. There can be no fixation of our personality. Nevertheless out go on declaring. “I am a child, I am a boy, I am a man, I am on old man”. The personality moves on. But the I remains constant.

Practical Exercises   to realize the personality

It is time for us  to  examine the services in our personality. Our alimentary canal, respiratory organs, nervous system and countless other functions service our personality day and night, form birth to death.

we must go introvert and discover the self within us. we may seek guidance from a spiritual master. We should not allow the life and personality of a guru to interfere with his teaching. His life and teaching must be treated separately. Introspection is a process of self-observation, to be practiced every night before we retire.  Thus, through self introspection, daily study and reflection on spiritual literature, we identify with the supreme self, the core of our personality. Bhoga in Sanskrit means enjoyment and yoga means renunciation. Bhoga enjoyment is nothing other than yoga renunciation. Attachment is the prime cause of mental agitation and sorrow.

The mental state of renunciation is an essential exquisite for practicing concentration of meditation. The unfulfilled desires cause the mind to be agitated, disturbed.  Yoga, the path of action is the spiritual discipline directed to the body. Bhakti Yoga, the path of knowledge to the intellect. Thus we must  intelligently proportion these disciplines to suit the constitution of our personality.
A state wherein our individuality merges with the all pervading Reality. we become Brahman. Like the dreamer becomes the waker. The dreamer loses his personality in the higher experience of the waking sate. Similarly, the waker loses his finite personality in the infinite experience of self-realization.
The consciousness functioning through these bodies becomes the waker, dreamer and deep-sleeper respectively. The waking, dram and deep-sleep are the three conditioned states of consciousness. At any time of our life we assume only one of the three personalities. When we enter the waking state, we assume the personality of the waker. The waker experiences the waking world alone and rejects the dream and deep-sleep states. So do the dreamer and deep-sleeper experience their respective states and reject the other two. Each state exists only for the respective personality experiencing it. Who alone attributes a reality to it. But no the other two personalities. Hence each one has a relative reality.

Perfection in a human is assessed not from his external action but from internal attunement with the supreme self. The test of perfection is his merger with the inner self.  Not his expression.

Part II: Changes in Heart Rate Variability Spectrum (Tread Mill) following an Integrated Yoga Training Program in Police Trainees
Background: Police personnel are more vulnerable to stress due to their work conditions. Previous studies have shown that yoga is known to be effective in management of modern day stress and tensions. Its techniques predominantly consist the combination of measures of stimulation and relaxation at the physical, mental, emotional and intellectual levels.
Aims: To compare the effects of yoga and physical exercise on agility, flexibility and balance in police trainees after one month of either intervention.
Subjects: Sixty volunteers were randomly allocated into two groups i.e., Yoga and Physical Exercise group using a standard random number table. The group average age ± SD for the yoga group was 27.8 ± 3.2 years, while the same for the physical exercise group was 28.2 ± 2.8 years. Subjects undergoing training at a Police Driving and Maintenance School, Yelahanka, Bangalore participated in the study.
Design: This was a prospective longitudinal randomized control trial. Subjects of both groups were assessed at the beginning and end of one month during which they had undergone respective interventions.
Assessments: The following variables were recorded; agility, flexibility and balance.
Intervention: Yoga group practiced, integrated yoga program which consisted of yogāsanas (physical postures), prānāyāma, relaxation technique, meditation, whereas control group practised general physical exercise (specific exercises used in police training).
Data Analysis: The Wilcoxon Paired Signed Ranks Test was used to compare data recorded after one month with those at the baseline of each group, separately. The Mann Whitney U Test was used to compare the data of the two groups at baseline.
Results: The values are group means and standard deviations.  The Mann Whitney U test for agility showed a  significant difference between the physical exercise and yoga group. There was no  difference in balance and flexibility between the yoga and physical exercise group.  Test before and after yoga analysis suggested that there was significant difference in agility, balancing and flexibility. Before and after physical exercise there was difference in agility and flexibility but there was no change in balancing.

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
The results suggested that the yoga group showed improvement in agility and flexibility.  The physical exercise group also showed improvement in agility but both the yoga and physical group did not show any difference in balance. A longer follow up may be necessary to observe distinct changes consistent with earlier studies
This study compared the effect of yoga and physical exercise in police trainees on physical fitness (one of the indicators of general health) :agility, flexibility and balance.
            Sixty male volunteers were randomly assigned into yoga (average age and SD, 27.8±3.2 years, n = 27) and physical exercise (average age and SD, 28.2±2.8 years, n = 28) groups. They were followed up after 4 weeks and assessed for physical fitness test. Fifty-five subjects completed the trial.
            There was significant difference between the physical exercise and yoga group. There is no much difference in balance and flexibility between the yoga and physical exercise group. Wilcoxon test before and after yoga suggested that there was significant difference in agility, balancing and flexibility. Before and after physical exercise there was difference in agility and flexibility but there was no change in balancing.
            The results suggest that the yoga group showed improvement in agility and flexibility.  The physical exercise group also showed improvement in agility but both the yoga and physical group did not show any difference in balance. A longer follow up may be necessary to observe distinct changes consistent with earlier studies.

Keywords: Brahmacharya,modern youth,tread mill,police trainees.