VEDAS, UPANISHADS AND DARSHANAS

Semester: I
Sub Code: MS T 103
Credits: 4
Hours/Wk: 4
Total Hrs: 60
Exam Marks: 50
IA Marks: 50
Exam Duration: 3 Hrs

Chapter 1: Vedas and Upanishads (20 hours)
Vedas, the foundations of Indian culture; antiquity, the four main Vedas, Science and Technology of Vedas, why Vedas, Prasthanatraya, Essence of the Vedas-Upanishads, the style of Upanishads, the two main quests - Happiness Analysis and Quest for reality; concept of Dharma and higher dimensions of Dharma.

Chapter 2: Samkhya and Yoga (10 hours)
Introduction, 3-fold afflictions, means to overcome afflictions, 25 entities according to Samkhya and means of knowledge; Shankarya vada, similarities and dissimilarities between vyakta and avyakta, triguna; Existence of purusha, plurality of purusha, proximity of purusha and prakrti; Karana, Antau karana & Bahya karana according to Samkhya karika and Euvarkrishna.

Chapter 3: Charvaka, Jaina & Bauddha (10 hours)
Concept of Charvaka philosophy in the shat darshanas; Early Buddhism, rules and disciplines of Buddhists tradition; The concept of rebirth, origin of suffering and the way to remove suffering in Buddhism; The concept of jiva, ajiva, syadvada according to Jainism.

Chapter 4: Nyaya & Vaisheshika (10 hours)
Concept of Nyaya philosophy means of salvation according to Nyaya and Vaisheshika; The sixteen Padarthas according to Nyaya, means and objects of knowledge according to Nyaya and Vaisheshika; Relation between Nyaya and Vaisheshika philosophy; Perception (Pratyaksha), inference (Anumana), comparison (Upamana) according to Nyaya and Vaiseshika.

Chapter 5: Mimamsa (10 hours)
Uttara mimamsa: Concept of Badarayana in Uttara mimamsa, Pramana, Pratyaksha, Anumana, Shabda according to Uttara mimamsa; Difference between vidya & avidya, subject & object, creation & causation, cause & effect; Purva mimamsa: Purva mimamsa in shat darsana; Pramanas of Gaimini, Atheism in Purva mimamsa.

Text Books:
1. Dr H R Nagendra : Yoga Its Basis and Applications (Swami Vivekananda Yoga Prakasana, Bangalore, 2002)
2. Chandradhar Sharma : A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy (Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, Delhi, 2000)

Reference Books:
1. Karela Werner : Yoga and Indian Philosophy (Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1979)
2. Radhakrishnan, S. : Indian Philosophy (Vol. I & II) (George Allen and Unwin, London, 1971)
3. Swami Prabhavananda : Spiritual Heritage of India (English) (Sri Ramkrishna Math, Madras, 2004)
4. Dasgupta, S.N. : Yoga Philosophy in Relation to other Systems of Indian thought (University of Calcutta, Calcutta, 1924)
5. Sharma, Chandradhar : A Critical Survey of Indian Philosophy (Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 2000)
6. Raja, Kunhan C. : Some Fundamental Problems in Indian Philosophy (Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 1974)
7. Stace, W.T. : Mysticism and Philosophy (Macmillan and Co. London, 1961)
8. Dasgupta, S.N. : Hindu Mysticism (Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi 1927)
9. Stephen Sturges : The Yoga Book (Motilal Banarsidass, Delhi, 2004)
10. Swami Jnanananda : Philosophy of Yoga (Sri Ramakrishna Ashrama, Mysore,)
11. Swami Krishnananda : A Short History of Religions and Philosophic Thought in India. (The Divine Life Society, Rishikesh, 1973)
12. Swami Harshananda : The Six Systems of Hindu Philosophy (Ramakrishna Matt, Bangalore, 2000)